Misogyny often lies at the heart of violent extremism and is central to indoctrination, recruitment, and ideology – yet it frequently escapes scrutiny. Societies that tackle misogyny are more peaceful and economically successful, and confronting it is essential for those engaged in PVE and addressing other forms of conflict. But extremist groups that gain power or control territory have consistently shown some of the worst violence against women. This brief examines the relationship between misogyny and violent extremist groups, and suggests ways in which development actors can address it in policy and programming.